It does! Here is a little snippet I came up with that I put in my agent environment hook.
while IFS= read -r env_var; do
key="${env_var%=*}"
if [[ "$key" == "OVERRIDE_BUILDKITE_"* ]]; then
export "${key#OVERRIDE_}"="${env_var#*=}"
fi
done < <(env)
Worked like a charm!